The principle and maintenance of a combustion engine

Working principle and maintenance of combustion engines

1、 Classification and working principle of combustion engines

A combustion engine refers to a device that fully burns fuel (oil, gas, etc.) and air in the combustion chamber, releasing heat and energy. According to the type and working principle of fuel, combustion engines can be divided into many types, such as oil and gas combustion engines, heavy oil combustion engines, biomass combustion engines, etc.

The working principle of a combustion engine is generally divided into two types: one is nozzle type, and the other is cyclone type. A nozzle type combustion engine sprays fuel out through a nozzle and uses a high-speed fan to mix the fuel with air before igniting, initiating the combustion process. A cyclone combustion engine mixes fuel and air through a cyclone and generates vortices in the combustion chamber, which are then used for combustion. The working principle of different types of combustion engines varies slightly, but they all use a mixture of fuel and air for high-temperature and high-pressure combustion, generating a large amount of thermal energy.

2、 Basic structure of combustion engine

A combustion engine generally consists of a combustion chamber, fuel system, ignition system, fan, and control system. The combustion chamber is a key part of the combustion process and also a core component of the combustion engine. The fuel system is responsible for delivering fuel to the combustion chamber and mixing it with air for combustion. The ignition system is the key to initiating the combustion process, responsible for igniting the mixed gas and maintaining the combustion process. The fan is responsible for introducing air into the combustion chamber to ensure the complete combustion process. The control system is used to intelligently control the various components of the combustion engine, ensuring the safe and efficient combustion process.

3、 Maintenance methods for combustion engines

During long-term use, combustion engines may inevitably encounter some malfunctions, mainly manifested as insufficient combustion, carbon accumulation in the combustion chamber, and poor ignition. Here are several common faults and maintenance methods:

1. Insufficient combustion: mainly manifested as obvious open flames, black smoke, and insufficient combustion in the burner. This situation is generally caused by insufficient combustion purity or poor ventilation. The solution is to replace it with clean fuel or clean the carbon deposits and air ducts in the combustion chamber to ensure sufficient ventilation.

2. Combustion chamber carbon accumulation: Long term use of combustion opportunities accumulates a certain amount of carbon, which directly affects combustion efficiency. The solution is to regularly clean the combustion chamber and maintain good ventilation.

3. Poor ignition: Poor ignition may be caused by damage to the igniter itself or poor ignition system. The solution is to replace the damaged igniter or maintain the ignition system.

In short, combustion engines are indispensable equipment in industries, construction, and other fields. Learning their working principles and maintenance methods is of great significance for promoting their efficient use.